Abrading machine



Feb. 2, 1937. A. N. EMMONS ABRADING MACHINE Filed June 22, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

I %Mf/ ATTORNEYS Feb. 2, 1937. A. N. EMMONS 2,069,700

I ABRADING MACHINE Filed June 22, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 VENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Feb. 2, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ABRADING MACHINE Application June 22, 1934, Serial No. 731,940

12 Claims. (01. 51-170) This invention relates to portable abrading machines, or sanders, and more particularly to that type of machine which is bodily liftable in operation and guided solely by the hands of the operfinishing furniture and the like.

The invention has for its general object, a general organization and arrangement of the body, or frame of the machine, and the motor, the

abrading drum, and the motion transmitting means between the motor and the drum, and which results in an extremely compact, well balanced, easily handled, portable machine.

It further has for its object, a body, or frame construction, for an abrading machine whereby the motor and abrading drum are housed in compartments in the body, and also the motion transmitting means is located, or housed, within the body. It further has for its object, a body, or

39 frame, having a part thereof which houses the motion transmitting means.

It also has for its object, a construction of the abrading drum by which the abrading sheet, or cylinder, is tightly held on the drum by expanding the drum, and further, a particularly simple and efiicient drum construction by which it is readily expanded to tighten the abrading cylinder, or sleeve, on the drum.

It further has for its object, a construction of .0 a drum including opposing conical sections having relative axial movement with readily operable means for eifecting such movement, and a sleeve, or tube, or yielding, or expansible, material on the conical sections and coacting therewith so that, upon movement of the sections toward each other, the sleeve, or tube, is expanded into snug engagement with the abrading cylinder.

The invention has for a further object, an abrading machine of the type referred to wherein the body and parts are so relatively arranged,

and the machine balanced on its supporting axis,

that the machine, when tipped forwardly or rearwardly, will remain in such position of its own accord. 1

Other objects appear throughout the specification.

The invention consists in the novel features and in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed.

60 In describing this invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which like charaoters designate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figures land 2 are opposite side elevations 55 partly broken away.

These machines are used generally for Figure 3 is a plan view partly in section.

Figure 4 is an end view thereof with the presser foot removed.

This portable abrading machine comprises, generally, a hollow box-like body formed with a motor compartment in its rear portion, and a drum compartment in its front portion. The drum compartment opens through one side and the bottom of the body. A motor is mounted in the motor compartment, with its shaft extending transversely of the body, an axle mounted in the drum compartment and supported at one end, and having its other end, which is toward the open end of the drum compartment, free, an abrading drum mounted on the axle, and motion transmitting mechanism housed in the body between the motor shaft and drum spindle.

I designates, generally, the body which is boxlike in general form and formed with a motor compartment 2 in its rear portion, and a drum compartment 3 in its front portion. The compartments are separated by a partition 5. The body is formed with a portion 5 at its,forward end extending over and forming the top wall of the drum compartment. The body is preferably a single casting.

6 designates a motor located in the motor compartment 2 and having its rotor shaft I extending transversely of the body and journalled in bearings 8, 9. The bearing 8 is mounted in a detachable cover plate I at one end of the motor compartment 2, and the bearing 9 mounted in the side wall II on the opposite side of the body.

The body is also formed with a compartment for housing the motion transmitting means between the motor shaft and the abrading drum. As here shown, the outer side of the wall I I is provided with a flange or wall I2 oblong in general form and extending substantially lengthwise of the body forming the compartment I3. The forward portion of the wall II is formed with an integral conical hub I4 extending coaxially into the drum compartment toward the open end thereof. A plate I5 is detachablysecured to the outer marginal edge of the wall I2 and forms the outer wall of the compartment I3.

l6 designates the abrading drum, this being mounted on a spindle I1 journalled in suitable bearings l8 in the conical hub I4 and extending at one end into the compartment [3, and having its other end free at the open end of the drum compartment. The drum is mounted on the spindle I1 and rotates therewith.

The motiontransmitting means between the motor and the drum is completely housed in the compartment l3 and may be of any suitable construction, that here shown including gears i6 and- 26 provided respectively on the motor shaft 1 and the spindle i1, and an intermediary gear 2| mounted on the stud 22 carried by the side wall ii of the body. 7

The body is provided with a suitable handle 23- at its rear end, and also with an additional handle or knob 26 on its upper side above the drum, this to be used when the drum is being operated in a manner similar to a hand plane.

The body is provided with fulcrum or supporting means on its lower side to facilitate the manipulating, and tilting, of the body to move the abrading drum toward and from the surface being finished, and to vary the pressure that is applied to the drum. As here shown, this fulcrum or supporting means is one or more rollers 26 mounted on a suitable axle 26 located on the bottom side of the housing between the drum and motor compartments so that the motor compartment overhangs rearwardly from the rollers 25. This relative arrangement of the motor and drum compartments, and the fulcrum or supporting means, results in a balanced mounting by which the machine is readily handled and manipulated. when the machine is tipped rearwardly, with the rear portion of the machine being supported by the handle 23, as shown by dotted lines Figure 2, the machine will remain in such position of its own accord. When the rear portion of the machine is elevated, and the abrading drum I! brought into contact with the surface being operated upon, the machine will remain in this position, and the pressure applied to the drum is regulated by the pressure applied to the knob 24 by the operator. This feature is particularly important in a machine of this type inasmuch as the beginning and end of a cut may be readily blended into the plane of the surface being ilnished. Also the machine is easily manipulated to take an extremely heavy cut narrow in width to quickly reduce a small portion of the surface being operated upon.

The abrading drum comprises a body, a sleeve, or tube, of yielding, or expansible, material, as for instance, rubber, encircling the body and an abrading cylinder fitting the tube, the body being operable to expand the tube into snug engagement with the cylinder to secure the cylinder to the drum.

In the illustrated embodiment of my invention, the body includes two oppositely disposed conical sections 3 I, 32, which have relative axial shifting movement on the spindle I1 and which also have annular shoulders at the base of the conical formation. The tube of expansible material is formed with internal conical surfaces complemental to those of the sections, so that when one conical section is moved toward the other, the tube is expanded radially outward into the abrading cylinder. e

As here illustrated. the section 3| is formed with a sleeve 33 which is keyed to the outer portion of the spindle I! by key 34. The section 32 slides on the sleeve 33 and is keyed to spindle i! by the same key 34. The section 32 is provided with a groove, or keyway 35 for receiving one end of the key 36 which projects through sleeve 33.

36 designates the tube of rubber, or other expansible material, which has internal conical surfaces 31, 33, complemental to the conical surfaces of the sections 3i, 32. The sections also have annular shoulders 39 at the bases of their conical portions which thrust against the end edges of the tube.

46 designates an abrading cylinder which'is sleeved on the tube from the outer or free end ofthe drum. The section 32 is moved axially by means of a nut 4| threading on the end of the spindle against the washer 63 which thrusts against the outer end of the section 32. when the nut ll is loosened, the cylinder. or abrading material, may be sleeved on the drum, and when the nut is tightened, the tube 36 is expanded equally throughout its lengthagainst the inner face of the cylinder and uniformly secures it to the drum. The outer' end of the drum is arranged in substantially the same plane as the side wall 26 of the box-like body. This side wall 26 is substantially flat and located in a plane at a right angle to the axis of the drum.

An adjustable presser foot, or guide, maybe detachably secured to the front end of the frame in front of the drum to regulate the depth of the "cut" of the drum when it is desired to use the machine in the manner of a plane, or to remove a predeterminedv amount of material from the surface being operated upon.

The presser foot here shown is attached to the front upright wall 50 of the body, or the portion thereof which extends over or overhangs the drum, and forms the top wall of the drum compartment, and includes a suitable bracket 5! which extends substantially across the front wall 56 of the body, and is detachably secured thereto by means of screws extending through the bracket 5i and threading into holes 52. 'The bracket 5| is formed with a central depending portion 53 which is provided with a cylindrical 53 of the bracket, the upper portion being cylindrical and slidably mounted in the bore and the lower end portion 51 being rectangular and coextensive with the slot 55, whereby the spindle 56 is slidable vertically in the portion 53 and held from rotative movement relatively thereto. A shoe, or presser foot 53 is secured to and carried by the lower end of the spindle 56. The upper reduced portion of the bore 54 is threaded, and the upper end of the spindle 56 is threaded coaxially with the bracket. An adjusting screw 66 provided with a knob 6| is threaded into the bracket and the spindle 56. The complemental threads of the upper portion of the bracket and screws are preferably of different pitch than the threads on the, lower end of the screw and in the spindle 56 whereby adjustment of the screw 60 results in a fine micrometer vertical adjustment of the presser foot relative to the body of the machine. This is effected by the differential movement of the coarse and fine threaded portions of the screw 60.

An abrading machine of the construction and general arrangement of the parts is especially compact, relatively small in size, but of large capacity, is well balanced and easily manipulated.

What I claim is: g

l. A portable abrading machine comprising a body formed with a motor compartment in its rear portion and with a drum compartment in its front portion opening through one side face and the lower face of the body, a motor mounted in the motor compartment, an abrading drum mounted in the drum compartment and having its periphery extending through the open lower side and its outer end exposed through the open end of the drum compartment to permit an abrasive member to be sleeved axially on the drum, and motiontransmitting means located" in the body between the motor and inner end of the drum, and a fulcrum member for engaging the surface being operated upon, said member being carried by the body and located in the rear of the drum and in front of the motor compartment, whereby the motor compartment overhangs rearwardly from said fulcrum member.

2. A portable abrading machine comprising a hollow body formed with a motor compartment in its rear portion and a drum compartment in its front portion opening through one side face and the bottom of the compartment, a motor mounted in the motor compartment with its shaft extending transversely of the body, an axle jurnalled in the end wall of the drum compartment and projecting toward the open end of the drum compartment, said axle being unsupported at its projecting end, an abrading drum mounted on the axle, and motion transmitting means between the motor,shaft and the axle, said motion transmitting means being located in the hollow body.

3. A portable abrading machine comprising a hollow body formed with a motor compartment in its rear portion and a drum compartment in its front portion opening through the bottom and at one end through the side of the body, the body also being formed with a hollow arm on the opposite side of the body and extending lengthwise thereof, said arm being formed with a bearing extending into the drum compartment, toward the open end thereof, a motor mounted in the motor compartment with its shaft extending transversely of the body, the motor shaft extending into the hollow arm, a drum spindle mounted in said bearing and extending into said hollow arm, an abrading drum mounted on the spindle, and motion transmitting means between the motor shaft and the spindle, said motion transmitting means being located in the hollow arm.

4. A portable abrading machine comprising a hollow body formed with a motor compartment in its rear portion and a drum compartment in its front portion opening through the bottom and at one end through one side of the body, the body also being formed with a hollow arm on the opposite side of the body and extending lengthwise thereof, said arm being formed with a bearing extending into the drum compartment toward the open end thereof, a motor mounted in the motor compartment with its shaft extending transversely of the body, the motor shaft extending into the hollow arm, a drum spindle mounted in said bearing and extending into said hollow arm, an abrading drum mounted on the spindle, the motion transmitting means between the motor shaft and the spindle, said motion transmitting means being located in the hollow arm, the side wall of the body, through which the drum compartment opens, being fiat and in a plane at a right angle to the axis of the drum, and the outer end of the drum being substantially in the same plane with the contiguous side face of the body.

5. A portable abrading machine comprising a hollow body formed with a motor compartment in its rear portionand a drum compartment in its front portion opening through the bottom and at one end through one side face of the body, the body also being formed with a hollow arm on the opposite side of the body and extending lengthwise thereof, said arm being formed with a bearing extending into the drum compartment toward the open end thereof, a motor mounted in the motor compartment with its shaft extending transversely of the body, the motor shaft extending into the hollow arm, a drum spindle mounted in said bearing and extending into said hollow arm, an abrading drum mounted on the spindle, and motion transmitting means between the motor shaft and the spindle, said motion transmitting means being located in the hollow arm, and the body being provided with supporting means on the lower side thereof betweenthe compartments, whereby the motor compartment overhangs rearwardly from said supporting means.

6. A portable abrading machine comprising a body having supporting means for coacting with the surface being treated between the ends of the body, a motor mounted in the body in the rear of the supporting means, a drum mounted in the body in front of the supporting means, one side wall of the body being formed with an opening to permit an abrasive element to be sleeved axially on and off of said drum, and motion transmitting means within the body between the motor and the drum.

'7. A portable abrading machine comprising a body having supporting means for coacting with the surface being treated between the ends of the body, a motor mounted in the body in the rear of the supporting means, a drum mounted in the body in front of the supporting means, motion transmitting means within the body between the motor and the drum, and an adjustable presser foot mounted at the front end of the body in front of the drum.

8. A portable abrading machine comprising a body having supporting means for coacting with the surface being treated between the ends of the body, a motor mounted in the body in the rear of the supporting means, a drum mounted in the body in front of the supporting means, and motion transmitting means within the body between the motor and the drum, the body having a handle extending rearwardly from its rear end, and a second handle mounted thereon over the drum, and an adjustable presser foot mounted at the front end of the body in front of the drum.

9. A portable abrading machine comprising a hollow body formed with a motor compartment in its rear portion, a drum compartment in its front portion opening through the bottom and at one end through one side face of the body, a motor mounted in the motor compartment with its shaft extending transversely of the body, a drum spindle mounted in the side wall of the body at the closed end of the drum compartment, the body including a top wall for the drum and an abrading drum mounted on the spindle near the drum compartment, motion transmitting means in the housing between the motor shaft and the drum spindle, the body being also provided with supporting means on the lower side thereof between the compartments, whereby the motor compartment overhangs rearwardly from said supporting means, a handle extending rearwardly from the rear end of the motor compartment, a handle mounted on the top wall of the'drum compartment, and an adjustable presser foot including a supporting bracket detachably mounted on the front face of the top wall of the drum compartment in front of the drum.

10. A presser foot construction for abrading machines comprising a supporting bracket, a slide movable in the bracket and carrying a presser foot at one end, an adjusting screw having threads of different pitches threading in the bracket and in the slide.

11. A presser foot construction for abrading machines comprising a supporting bracket, a slide movable in the bracket and carrying a presser foot at one end, an adjusting screw having threads of different pitches threading in the bracket and in the slide, the incline of the pitch of the screw threads being in the same direction.

12. A portable abrading machine comprising a hollow body, a motor mounted in the body, a drum mounted upon a spindle journalled at one said hollow body being formed with an opening 10 in one side wall thereof to permit a cylindrical abrasive element to be sleeved axially on and off of the drum.

ARTHUR N. EMMONS 

